1. The Undesirability of Swearing
Back to book1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَزَّازِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ لا تَحْلِفُوا بِاللهِ صَادِقِينَ وَلا كَاذِبِينَ فَإِنَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ وَلا تَجْعَلُوا اللهَ عُرْضَةً لأيْمانِكُمْ.
1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ’Do not swear by Allah, regardless, you are truthful or not truthful; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says, “Do not swear by Allah unnecessarily.’” (2:224)”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: موثق - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (24/307)
2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنْ أَجَلَّ اللهَ أَنْ يَحْلِفَ بِهِ أَعْطَاهُ اللهُ خَيْراً مِمَّا ذَهَبَ مِنْهُ.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘One who delays in swearing by Allah, He grants him better than what he has lost because of the delay.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف على المشهور - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (24/308)
3- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ اجْتَمَعَ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ إِلَى عِيسَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالُوا لَهُ يَا مُعَلِّمَ الْخَيْرِ أَرْشِدْنَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّ مُوسَى نَبِيَّ اللهِ أَمَرَكُمْ أَنْ لا تَحْلِفُوا بِاللهِ كَاذِبِينَ وَأَنَا آمُرُكُمْ أَنْ لا تَحْلِفُوا بِاللهِ كَاذِبِينَ وَلا صَادِقِينَ.
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the disciples gathered around Jesus, ‘Alayhi al- Salam, and said, ‘O teacher of good, give us advice.’ He said to them, ‘Musa, the Prophet of Allah has commanded you not to swear by Allah falsely, but I command you not to swear by Allah, regardless, you are truthful or false.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: حسن - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (24/308)
4- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي سَلامٍ الْمُتَعَبِّدِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ لِسَدِيرٍ يَا سَدِيرُ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللهِ كَاذِباً كَفَرَ وَمَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللهِ صَادِقاً أَثِمَ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ وَلا تَجْعَلُوا اللهَ عُرْضَةً لأيْمانِكُمْ.
4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Yahya ibn Ibrahim from his father from abu Salam al-Salam al-Muta‘abbid who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying to Sadir, ‘O Sadir, one who swears by Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, falsely as well as one who swears by Allah truthfully has sinned; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says, ‘Do not swear by Allah, unless you are obligated.’ (2:224)”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مجهول 2 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/308)
5- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّ أَبَاهُ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْخَوَارِجِ أَظُنُّهُ قَالَ مِنْ بَنِي حَنِيفَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَوْلًى لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ إِنَّ عِنْدَكَ امْرَأَةً تَبَرَّأُ مِنْ جَدِّكَ فَقُضِيَ لأبِي أَنَّهُ طَلَّقَهَا فَادَّعَتْ عَلَيْهِ صَدَاقَهَا فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمَدِينَةِ تَسْتَعْدِيهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمَدِينَةِ يَا عَلِيُّ إِمَّا أَنْ تَحْلِفَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تُعْطِيَهَا [حَقَّهَا] فَقَالَ لِي قُمْ يَا بُنَيَّ فَأَعْطِهَا أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا أَبَهْ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَلَسْتَ مُحِقّاً قَالَ بَلَى يَا بُنَيَّ وَلَكِنِّي أَجْلَلْتُ اللهَ أَنْ أَحْلِفَ بِهِ يَمِينَ صَبْرٍ.
5. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has narrated the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once spoke to me about his father, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. He (the Imam) was with a woman of al-Khawarij, I (the narrator) think he said, ‘banu Hanifah.’ His mawla (friend or servant) said to him (the Imam), ‘O child of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, you have a woman who denounces your grandfather.’ (Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said) ‘My father divorced her. She presented a claim for her mahr (dower) against him (the Imam) and brought him (the Imam) before the Amir (governor) of al-Madinah who asked him (the Imam), “O Ali, you must take an oath or pay her right.” He (the Imam) asked me to go and bring four hundred dinars. I then asked, “Father, I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, were you not the rightful party?” He (the Imam) replied, “Yes, son but I because of the Glory of Allah did not want to swear by Allah which is made binding upon me.’””
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف على المشهور - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (24/308)
6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا ادُّعِيَ عَلَيْكَ مَالٌ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ عَلَيْكَ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يُحَلِّفَكَ فَإِنْ بَلَغَ مِقْدَارَ ثَلاثِينَ دِرْهَماً فَأَعْطِهِ وَلا تَحْلِفْ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَاحْلِفْ وَلا تُعْطِهِ.
6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from certain persons of our people who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If someone brings a claim against you for a certain amount of assets which you do not owe to him, and he wants to make you to take an oath, if it is less than thirty dirham, you must pay and must not take an oath, but if it is more than that you can take an oath and do not give the asset.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مرسل - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (24/309)