1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ قُدَامَةَ بْنِ زَائِدَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) سَلَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ابْنَهُ سَلاًّ وَرَبَّعَ قَبْرَهُ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from ibn Bukayr from Qudamah ibn Za’idah who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘The Messenger of Allah placed his son Ibrahim in a basket-shaped place in the grave and made the surface into a square shape.’”

2ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ يُدْخَلَ مَعَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ جَرِيدَةٌ رَطْبَةٌ وَيُرْفَعَ قَبْرُهُ مِنَ الأرْضِ قَدْرَ أَرْبَعِ أَصَابِعَ مَضْمُومَةٍ وَيُنْضَحَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءُ وَيُخَلَّى عَنْهُ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It is preferable to place two fresh twigs of palm tree with the deceased in the grave, raise the surface of the grave above ground by four inches, sprinkle water on it and then leave it alone.’”

3ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ وَضْعِ الرَّجُلِ يَدَهُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ مَا هُوَ وَلِمَ صَنَعَ فَقَالَ صَنَعَهُ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) عَلَى ابْنِهِ بَعْدَ النَّضْحِ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ كَيْفَ أَضَعُ يَدِي عَلَى قُبُورِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَأَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى الأرْضِ وَوَضَعَهَا عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ رَفَعَهَا وَهُوَ مُقَابِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ.

3. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn abu ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about one’s placing his hand over the grave, its significance and why it is done. He (the Imam) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah had done so over the grave of his son after sprinkling water.’ He (the narrator) has said that I then asked, ‘How should I place my hand over the graves of the Muslims?’ He (the Imam) pointed with his hand, placed it on the ground, then raised it while he was facing al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah).’”

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَصْنَعُ بِمَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ خَاصَّةً شَيْئاً لاَ يَصْنَعُهُ بِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَى الْهَاشِمِيِّ وَنَضَحَ قَبْرَهُ بِالْمَاءِ وَضَعَ كَفَّهُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ حَتَّى تُرَى أَصَابِعُهُ فِي الطِّينِ فَكَانَ الْغَرِيبُ يَقْدَمُ أَوِ الْمُسَافِرُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَيَرَى الْقَبْرَ الْجَدِيدَ عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ كَفِّ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَيَقُولُ مَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه).

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah from who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah would do something over the grave of the people from the tribe of banu Hashim and he would not do on other Muslims’ graves. After performing Salah (prayer) for a deceased from banu Hashim, sprinkling water over his grave, he would place his hand over the grave while his fingers pressed in the clay. Strangers or travelers who came in the town and saw a new grave with marks of the fingers of the Messenger of Allah on it could tell that someone from banu Hashim has died. They would ask, ‘Who from the family of Muhammad, O Allah grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has died?”’

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ أَبِي قَالَ لِي ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فِي مَرَضِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ أَدْخِلْ أُنَاساً مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ حَتَّى أُشْهِدَهُمْ قَالَ فَأَدْخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ أُنَاساً مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا جَعْفَرُ إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ فَغَسِّلْنِي وَكَفِّنِّي وَارْفَعْ قَبْرِي أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ وَرُشَّهُ بِالْمَاءِ فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا قُلْتُ يَا أَبَةِ لَوْ أَمَرْتَنِي بِهَذَا لَصَنَعْتُهُ وَلَمْ تُرِدْ أَنْ أُدْخِلَ عَلَيْكَ قَوْماً تُشْهِدُهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ لاَ تُنَازَعَ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Isa who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One day my father during his illness said to me, ‘Son, call certain people from Quraysh and people of al-Madinah, so I can appoint them as witness.’ I then called a number of people. He said, ‘O Ja‘far, when I die, give Ghusl (bath) to me, place me in the shroud, raise the surface of my grave by four fingers above the ground and sprinkle water on it.’ When they left I asked, ‘Father, had you commanded me, I would have done all these things. Why did you decide to call these people to be witnesses?’ He said, ‘My son I did it so no one will raise any disputes against you.’”

6ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي رَشِّ الْمَاءِ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ قَالَ يَتَجَافَى عَنْهُ الْعَذَابُ مَا دَامَ النَّدَى فِي التُّرَابِ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “About spraying water on the grave abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Suffering is withdrawn from it as long as the moisture exists.’”

7ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ رَشُّ الْقَبْرِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه).

7. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Talhah ibn Zayd who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that sprinkling water over a new grave was during the time of the Messenger of Allah.”

8ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنَ الْقَبْرِ فَانْضَحْهُ ثُمَّ ضَعْ يَدَكَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَتَغْمِزُ كَفَّكَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْدَ النَّضْحِ.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah from who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you complete the grave sprinkle water on it, then place your hand near the head of the deceased and depress your hand on it after sprinkling water.”’

9ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَجْلاَنَ قَالَ قَامَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَلَى قَبْرِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ فَقَالَ اللهمَّ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ وَ آنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ وَأَسْكِنْ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ مَا يَسْتَغْنِي بِهَا عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ.

9. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad from more than one person from Aban from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Ajalan who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, stood on the grave of one of his followers and said, ‘O Lord, grant company in his loneliness, comfort his fear and settle down with him of your mercy that much which will make him free from want from others except yourself.’”

10ـ أَبَانٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يُدْعَى لِلْمَيِّتِ حِينَ يُدْخَلُ حُفْرَتَهُ وَيُرْفَعُ الْقَبْرُ فَوْقَ الأرْضِ أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ.

10. Aban has narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Prayers are said when a deceased is placed in his grave and the surface of the grave is raised above the ground by four fingers.’”

11ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الدَّلاَّلُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الله قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ مَا عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَيِّتِ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَدْرَءُوا عَنْ مَيِّتِهِمْ لِقَاءَ مُنْكَرٍ وَنَكِيرٍ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ إِذَا أُفْرِدَ الْمَيِّتُ فَلْيَتَخَلَّفْ عِنْدَهُ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ فَيَضَعُ فَمَهُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ ثُمَّ يُنَادِي بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ يَا فُلاَنَ بْنَ فُلاَنٍ أَوْ يَا فُلاَنَةَ بِنْتَ فُلاَنٍ هَلْ أَنْتَ عَلَى الْعَهْدِ الَّذِي فَارَقْتَنَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ الله وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ سَيِّدُ النَّبِيِّينَ وَأَنَّ عَلِيّاً أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَسَيِّدُ الْوَصِيِّينَ وَأَنَّ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدٌ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) حَقٌّ وَأَنَّ الْمَوْتَ حَقٌّ وَأَنَّ الْبَعْثَ حَقٌّ وَأَنَّ الله يَبْعَثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ قَالَ فَيَقُولُ مُنْكَرٌ لِنَكِيرٍ انْصَرِفْ بِنَا عَنْ هَذَا فَقَدْ لُقِّنَ حُجَّتَهُ.

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from certain persons of our people from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from ’Isma‘il who has that narrated to me abu al-Hassan al-Dallal from Yahya ibn ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘It does not harm the family of a deceased among you to prevent his fear of meeting al-Munkar and al-Nakir (interrogating angels).’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘How can they do so?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When the deceased is left alone, the nearest relative is left behind near the deceased who places his mouth near the head of the deceased and calls loudly, ‘O so and so, son of so and so, or daughter of so and so, are you still true to the covenant (belief) with which you departed us. The testimony that states, ‘I testify that only Allah deserves worship, He is one and has no partners and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger, master of the prophets. I testify that Ali is ’Amir al-Mu’minin (master of the believers) and master of the executors (of the wills of the prophets). I testify that whatever Muhammad, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has brought from Allah is all true, that death is a truth, resurrection is a truth and that Allah will raise everyone from the grave.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Al-Munkar then says to Nakir, ‘Allow us to turn away from him; his argument (authoritative statements of his belief) are dictated to him.’”